oracle tkprof 工具详解

标签： oracle tkprof 工具 | 发表时间：2013-09-27 07:13 | 作者：xiaohai20102010
出处：http://blog.csdn.net

     oracle  tkprof 工具详解

     今天是2013-09-26，进行tkprof工具使用学习，在此记录一下笔记：
一）查看需要跟踪会话信息：

select s.sid,s.serial#,s.username,s.logon_time,s.osuser,(select sys_context('userenv','ip_address') from dual) as ipa,
s.machine,p.username,p.program,p.spid
   from v$session s,v$process p
     where s.paddr=p.addr and s.username='SCOTT';

二）对会话开启sql trace功能： 

SQL> begin
  2    dbms_system.set_int_param_in_session(47,43,'max_dump_file_size',10485760);
  3    
  4    dbms_system.set_bool_param_in_session(47,43,'timed_statistics',true);
  5    dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session(47,43,true);
  6  end;
  7  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> begin
  2  dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session(47,43,false);
  3  end;
  4  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>


 

3）tkprof工具介绍：
[oracle@oracle-one trace]$ tkprof
Usage: tkprof tracefile outputfile [explain= ] [table= ]
              [print= ] [insert= ] [sys= ] [sort= ]
  table=schema.tablename   Use 'schema.tablename' with 'explain=' option.
  explain=user/password    Connect to ORACLE and issue EXPLAIN PLAN.
  print=integer    List only the first 'integer' SQL statements.
  aggregate=yes|no
  insert=filename  List SQL statements and data inside INSERT statements.
  sys=no           TKPROF does not list SQL statements run as user SYS.
  record=filename  Record non-recursive statements found in the trace file.
  waits=yes|no     Record summary for any wait events found in the trace file.
  sort=option      Set of zero or more of the following sort options:
    prscnt  number of times parse was called
    prscpu  cpu time parsing
    prsela  elapsed time parsing
    prsdsk  number of disk reads during parse
    prsqry  number of buffers for consistent read during parse
    prscu   number of buffers for current read during parse
    prsmis  number of misses in library cache during parse
    execnt  number of execute was called
    execpu  cpu time spent executing
    exeela  elapsed time executing
    exedsk  number of disk reads during execute
    exeqry  number of buffers for consistent read during execute
    execu   number of buffers for current read during execute
    exerow  number of rows processed during execute
    exemis  number of library cache misses during execute
    fchcnt  number of times fetch was called
    fchcpu  cpu time spent fetching
    fchela  elapsed time fetching
    fchdsk  number of disk reads during fetch
    fchqry  number of buffers for consistent read during fetch
    fchcu   number of buffers for current read during fetch
    fchrow  number of rows fetched
    userid  userid of user that parsed the cursor

[oracle@oracle-one trace]$
tracefile:就是跟着的tracefile名字
outputfile：就是把格式化之后的信息存入一个新的文件中
table：每次解析执行sql过程的时候会在数据库自动创建一个表，执行完后自动删除，也可以手动创建一个 表，然把信息存入该表中
这个表的结构需要和utlxplan.sql文件中表的结构一样。当执行完后该表信息被清空。
explain：使用哪个用户对sql进行解析
print：打印出integer个sql，可以和sort联合使用，打印出指定sort序列的几个sql
例如我可以找去消耗cpu最多的sql等等。
sort：按照要求进行排序，排序种类如下：
    prscnt  number of times parse was called
    prscpu  cpu time parsing
    prsela  elapsed time parsing
    prsdsk  number of disk reads during parse
    prsqry  number of buffers for consistent read during parse
    prscu   number of buffers for current read during parse
    prsmis  number of misses in library cache during parse
    execnt  number of execute was called
    execpu  cpu time spent executing
    exeela  elapsed time executing
    exedsk  number of disk reads during execute
    exeqry  number of buffers for consistent read during execute
    execu   number of buffers for current read during execute
    exerow  number of rows processed during execute
    exemis  number of library cache misses during execute
    fchcnt  number of times fetch was called
    fchcpu  cpu time spent fetching
    fchela  elapsed time fetching
    fchdsk  number of disk reads during fetch
    fchqry  number of buffers for consistent read during fetch
    fchcu   number of buffers for current read during fetch
    fchrow  number of rows fetched
    userid  userid of user that parsed the cursor
sys：在进行sql运行的时候，或出现递归查询，设置sys为no则忽略这些recursive sql，设置为yes则在执行计划中包括这些recursive sql
aggregate：对sql的运行情况进行统计
waits：显示wait event的概要信息
insert：把执行计划都生成一个sql文件，使用这个sql可以创建sql的整个过程。
record：创建一个包含客户端发出的所有sql的脚本文件，并不包括recursive sql，
可以通过该参数查看客户端程序是怎么运行的，整个运行sql的过程顺序是什么样的。
四）tkprof工具使用案例：
案例一：
eg：

[oracle@oracle-one trace]$ tkprof RHYS_ora_3191.trc sql_explain.txt sys=no explain=scott/root aggregate=yes record=sql_path.txt waits=yes

TKPROF: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Development on Thu Sep 26 22:37:26 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.


[oracle@oracle-one trace]$ 
[oracle@oracle-one trace]$ more sql_explain.txt 

TKPROF: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Development on Thu Sep 26 22:37:26 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Trace file: RHYS_ora_3191.trc
Sort options: default

********************************************************************************
count    = number of times OCI procedure was executed
cpu      = cpu time in seconds executing 
elapsed  = elapsed time in seconds executing
disk     = number of physical reads of buffers from disk
query    = number of buffers gotten for consistent read
current  = number of buffers gotten in current mode (usually for update)
rows     = number of rows processed by the fetch or execute call
********************************************************************************

The following statement encountered a error during parse:

select * from rhys.amy_dept
PARSE #1399268
Error encountered: ORA-00942
********************************************************************************

SQL ID: 9m7787camwh4m Plan Hash: 0

begin :id := sys.dbms_transaction.local_transaction_id; end;


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        5      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      6      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           6
Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total       11      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           6

Misses in library cache during parse: 0
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: 83  (SCOTT)
********************************************************************************

SQL ID: cf06fwacdmgfk Plan Hash: 1388734953

select 'x' 
from
 dual


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        3      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      3      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Fetch        3      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           3
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        9      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           3

Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: 83  (SCOTT)
Number of plan statistics captured: 3

Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max)  Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ----------  ---------------------------------------------------
         1          1          1  FAST DUAL  (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=2 us cost=2 size=0 card=1)


Rows     Execution Plan
-------  ---------------------------------------------------
      0  SELECT STATEMENT   MODE: ALL_ROWS
      1   FAST DUAL

********************************************************************************

SQL ID: 25qnz9xr43bvy Plan Hash: 3383998547

select * 
from
 dept


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Fetch        1      0.00       0.05          6          6          0           4
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        3      0.00       0.05          6          6          0           4

Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: 83  (SCOTT)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1

Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max)  Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ----------  ---------------------------------------------------
         4          4          4  TABLE ACCESS FULL DEPT (cr=6 pr=6 pw=0 time=52995 us cost=3 size=80 card=4)


Rows     Execution Plan
-------  ---------------------------------------------------
      0  SELECT STATEMENT   MODE: ALL_ROWS
      4   TABLE ACCESS   MODE: ANALYZED (FULL) OF 'DEPT' (TABLE)

********************************************************************************

SQL ID: 3fuwk9jhwd624 Plan Hash: 1973284518

select * 
from
 emp where rownum<5


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.01          0          0          0           0
Execute      1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Fetch        1      0.00       0.00          6          6          0           4
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        3      0.00       0.01          6          6          0           4

Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: 83  (SCOTT)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1

Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max)  Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ----------  ---------------------------------------------------
         4          4          4  COUNT STOPKEY (cr=6 pr=6 pw=0 time=213 us)
         4          4          4   TABLE ACCESS FULL EMP (cr=6 pr=6 pw=0 time=208 us cost=2 size=152 card=4)


Rows     Execution Plan
-------  ---------------------------------------------------
      0  SELECT STATEMENT   MODE: ALL_ROWS
      4   COUNT (STOPKEY)
      4    TABLE ACCESS   MODE: ANALYZED (FULL) OF 'EMP' (TABLE)

 


********************************************************************************

OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL NON-RECURSIVE STATEMENTS

call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse       10      0.01       0.02          0          0          0           0
Execute     11      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           6
Fetch        5      0.00       0.05         12         12          0          11
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total       26      0.01       0.07         12         12          0          17

Misses in library cache during parse: 3


OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL RECURSIVE STATEMENTS

call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse       10      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute     81      0.02       0.03          0          0          0           0
Fetch      108      0.00       0.00          7        270          0         287
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total      199      0.03       0.04          7        270          0         287

Misses in library cache during parse: 4
Misses in library cache during execute: 4

    6  user  SQL statements in session.
   14  internal SQL statements in session.
   20  SQL statements in session.
    3  statements EXPLAINed in this session.
********************************************************************************
Trace file: RHYS_ora_3191.trc
Trace file compatibility: 11.1.0.7
Sort options: default

       1  session in tracefile.
       6  user  SQL statements in trace file.
      14  internal SQL statements in trace file.
      20  SQL statements in trace file.
      18  unique SQL statements in trace file.
       3  SQL statements EXPLAINed using schema:
           SCOTT.prof$plan_table
             Default table was used.
             Table was created.
             Table was dropped.
     469  lines in trace file.
      22  elapsed seconds in trace file.


[oracle@oracle-one trace]$

 

查看我执行这个sql语句的整个过程如下：

[oracle@oracle-one trace]$ more sql_path.txt 
select 'x' from dual ;
begin :id := sys.dbms_transaction.local_transaction_id; end; 
/
select 'x' from dual ;
select * from dept ;
select 'x' from dual ;
select * from emp where rownum<5 ;
[oracle@oracle-one trace]$



案例二： 

[oracle@oracle-one trace]$ tkprof RHYS_ora_3191.trc sort_sql_plan.txt sys=yes waits=yes sort=prscpu,execnt explain=scott/root table=scott.plan_table

TKPROF: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Development on Thu Sep 26 23:05:52 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.


[oracle@oracle-one trace]$ 
[oracle@oracle-one trace]$ 
The following statement encountered a error during parse:

select * from rhys.amy_dept
PARSE #1399268
Error encountered: ORA-00942
********************************************************************************

SQL ID: 3fuwk9jhwd624 Plan Hash: 1973284518

select * 
from
 emp where rownum<5


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.01          0          0          0           0
Execute      1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Fetch        1      0.00       0.00          6          6          0           4
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        3      0.00       0.01          6          6          0           4

Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: 83  (SCOTT)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1

Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max)  Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ----------  ---------------------------------------------------
         4          4          4  COUNT STOPKEY (cr=6 pr=6 pw=0 time=213 us)
         4          4          4   TABLE ACCESS FULL EMP (cr=6 pr=6 pw=0 time=208 us cost=2 size=152 card=4)


Rows     Execution Plan
-------  ---------------------------------------------------
      0  SELECT STATEMENT   MODE: ALL_ROWS
      4   COUNT (STOPKEY)
      4    TABLE ACCESS   MODE: ANALYZED (FULL) OF 'EMP' (TABLE)

********************************************************************************

SQL ID: 25qnz9xr43bvy Plan Hash: 3383998547

select * 
from
 dept


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Fetch        1      0.00       0.05          6          6          0           4
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        3      0.00       0.05          6          6          0           4

Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: 83  (SCOTT)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1

Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max)  Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ----------  ---------------------------------------------------
         4          4          4  TABLE ACCESS FULL DEPT (cr=6 pr=6 pw=0 time=52995 us cost=3 size=80 card=4)


Rows     Execution Plan
-------  ---------------------------------------------------
      0  SELECT STATEMENT   MODE: ALL_ROWS
      4   TABLE ACCESS   MODE: ANALYZED (FULL) OF 'DEPT' (TABLE)

********************************************************************************

SQL ID: cf06fwacdmgfk Plan Hash: 1388734953

select 'x' 
from
 dual


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        3      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      3      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Fetch        3      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           3
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total        9      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           3

Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: 83  (SCOTT)
Number of plan statistics captured: 3

Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max)  Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ----------  ---------------------------------------------------
         1          1          1  FAST DUAL  (cr=0 pr=0 pw=0 time=2 us cost=2 size=0 card=1)


Rows     Execution Plan
-------  ---------------------------------------------------
      0  SELECT STATEMENT   MODE: ALL_ROWS
      1   FAST DUAL

********************************************************************************

SQL ID: 7ng34ruy5awxq Plan Hash: 3992920156

select i.obj#,i.ts#,i.file#,i.block#,i.intcols,i.type#,i.flags,i.property,
  i.pctfree$,i.initrans,i.maxtrans,i.blevel,i.leafcnt,i.distkey,i.lblkkey,
  i.dblkkey,i.clufac,i.cols,i.analyzetime,i.samplesize,i.dataobj#,
  nvl(i.degree,1),nvl(i.instances,1),i.rowcnt,mod(i.pctthres$,256),
  i.indmethod#,i.trunccnt,nvl(c.unicols,0),nvl(c.deferrable#+c.valid#,0),
  nvl(i.spare1,i.intcols),i.spare4,i.spare2,i.spare6,decode(i.pctthres$,null,
  null,mod(trunc(i.pctthres$/256),256)),ist.cachedblk,ist.cachehit,
  ist.logicalread 
from
 ind$ i, ind_stats$ ist, (select enabled, min(cols) unicols,
  min(to_number(bitand(defer,1))) deferrable#,min(to_number(bitand(defer,4))) 
  valid# from cdef$ where obj#=:1 and enabled > 1 group by enabled) c where 
  i.obj#=c.enabled(+) and i.obj# = ist.obj#(+) and i.bo#=:1 order by i.obj#


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      3      0.01       0.01          0          0          0           0
Fetch        6      0.00       0.00          2         21          0           3
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total       10      0.01       0.02          2         21          0           3

Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Misses in library cache during execute: 1
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS   (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1

Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max)  Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ----------  ---------------------------------------------------
         1          1          1  SORT ORDER BY (cr=6 pr=0 pw=0 time=1055 us cost=6 size=372 card=2)
         1          1          1   HASH JOIN OUTER (cr=6 pr=0 pw=0 time=510 us cost=5 size=372 card=2)
         1          1          1    NESTED LOOPS OUTER (cr=4 pr=0 pw=0 time=54 us cost=2 size=286 card=2)
         1          1          1     TABLE ACCESS CLUSTER IND$ (cr=3 pr=0 pw=0 time=38 us cost=2 size=182 card=2)
         1          1          1      INDEX UNIQUE SCAN I_OBJ# (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=16 us cost=1 size=0 card=1)(object
 id 3)
         0          0          0     TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID IND_STATS$ (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=11 us cost=0 size=52 
card=1)
         0          0          0      INDEX UNIQUE SCAN I_IND_STATS$_OBJ# (cr=1 pr=0 pw=0 time=10 us cost=0 size=0 car
d=1)(object id 456)
         0          0          0    VIEW  (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=45 us cost=3 size=43 card=1)
         0          0          0     SORT GROUP BY (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=45 us cost=3 size=15 card=1)
         0          0          0      TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID CDEF$ (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=25 us cost=2 size=15 card
=1)
         0          0          0       INDEX RANGE SCAN I_CDEF2 (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=25 us cost=1 size=0 card=4)(objec
t id 54)

********************************************************************************

SQL ID: 9tgj4g8y4rwy8 Plan Hash: 3755742892

select type#,blocks,extents,minexts,maxexts,extsize,extpct,user#,iniexts,
  NVL(lists,65535),NVL(groups,65535),cachehint,hwmincr, NVL(spare1,0),
  NVL(scanhint,0),NVL(bitmapranges,0) 
from
 seg$ where ts#=:1 and file#=:2 and block#=:3


call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Execute      6      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
Fetch        6      0.00       0.00          0         18          0           6
------- ------  -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------  ----------
total       13      0.00       0.00          0         18          0           6

Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Misses in library cache during execute: 1
Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
Parsing user id: SYS   (recursive depth: 1)
Number of plan statistics captured: 1

Rows (1st) Rows (avg) Rows (max)  Row Source Operation
---------- ---------- ----------  ---------------------------------------------------
         1          1          1  TABLE ACCESS CLUSTER SEG$ (cr=3 pr=0 pw=0 time=161 us cost=2 size=68 card=1)
         1          1          1   INDEX UNIQUE SCAN I_FILE#_BLOCK# (cr=2 pr=0 pw=0 time=112 us cost=1 size=0 card=1)(
object id 9)

********************************************************************************
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。


 

好了，既然我们sql 语句的执行计划就此学习完了，工具会使用了，那么最关键的是，我们如何分析发现问题，然后优化问题。见下篇sql执行计划分析。

 

 

作者：xiaohai20102010 发表于2013-9-26 23:13:26 原文链接
阅读：60 评论：0 查看评论

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Oracle 在 7 月份收购了 Ksplice. 使用了 Ksplice 的 Linux 系统，为 Kernel 打补丁无需重启动，做系统维护的朋友应该明白这是一个杀手级特性. 现在该产品已经合并到 Oracle Linux 中. 目前已经有超过 700 家客户，超过 10 万套系统使用了 Ksplice (不知道国内是否已经有用户了.

oracle license计算

- Fenng - eagle&#39;s home
Oracle license的计算是基于CPU core的. 用core的数目乘以一个系数core factor就可以得到所需的oracle license的数目. 对于不同的CPU,core factor是不一样的，可以从oracle提供的这张列表中查到 Oracle Processor Core Factor Table.

Oracle Exadata初探

- - 技术改变世界 创新驱动中国 - 《程序员》官网
在我们看来，它是一个把硬件和软件根据合理的配置整合在一起的 Oracle数据库（在本文编写时是11gR2版本）平台. Exadata数据库机器包含了存储子系统，在存储层上运行着研发的新软件，这使得研发人员可以做一些在其他平台上无法完成的事情. 实际上，Exadata一开始是以一个存储系统形式诞生的，如果你跟参与研发此产品的人交谈，你经常会听到他们称存储组件为Exadata或者是SAGE （Storage Appliance for Grid Environments，网格环境存储设备），这是该产品研发项目的代码名称.