[Cacti] memcache安装运行、cacti监控memcache实战
简介
Memcache是danga.com的一个项目,最早是为 LiveJournal 服务的,目前全世界不少人使用这个缓存项目来构建自己大负载的网站,来分担数据库的压力。Memcache官方网站:http://memcached.org/
1,安装
下载地址: http://www.memcached.org/downloads,我们线上使用的比较稳定的版本是1.4.15,如果官网找不到以前的版本了,可以去我的csdn资源里面下载此版本,下载地址:
memcache1.4.15 : http://download.csdn.net/detail/mchdba/7562193
libevent2: http://download.csdn.net/detail/mchdba/7562201
或者去官网下载最新的:
wget http://memcached.org/latest
[root@localhost ~]#tar -xvf memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd memcached-1.4.15
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# ./configure && make && make test && sudo make install
……
checking for library containing clock_gettime... -lrt
checking for library containing socket... none required
checking for library containing gethostbyname... none required
checking for libevent directory... configure: error: libevent is required. You can get it from http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/
If it's already installed, specify its path using --with-libevent=/dir/
看到提示,需要先安装libevent包,lebevent主要用于socket的处理,
wget https://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz
tar -xvf libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz
cd libevent-2.0.21-stable
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make
make install
#删除原来的目录,重新解压缩进行编译安装
[root@localhost ~]#rm -rf /root/memcached-1.4.15/
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xvf memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/memcached-1.4.15/
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# ./configure --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent --prefix=/usr/local/memcache
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make test
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make install
2,如何运行memcache
/usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 10 -u root -l 10.xx.xx.xx -p 12000 -c 1024 –P /tmp/memcached.pid
## 相关选项说明
-d 表示启动一个守护进程
-m 是分配给memcached使用的内存
-u 运行memcached的用户
-l 是memcached监听的ip
-p 是memcached监听的端口
-c memcache运行的最大并发连接数
-P 是设置memcache的pid文件
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/memcache/bin/memcached -d -u nobody -m 1024 -t 64 -c 2048 -k -I 1M -L -l 127.0.0.1 -p11211 -P /var/memcached/memcached_11211.pid
Cannot enable large pages on this system
(There is no Linux support as of this version)
[root@localhost ~]#
Cannot enable large pages,启动命令不合适,换成如下
/usr/local/memcache/bin/memcached -d -m 1024 -u root -l 10.xx.xx.xx -p 11211 -c 2048 -P /var/memcached/memcached.pid
3,实现service启动停止以及查看状态
然后执行如下,加载到启动项:
chkconfig --add memcache #注册服务
chmod 700 memcache
chkconfig --level 345 memcache on #指定服务在3、4、5级别运行
4,简单测试
[root@localhost ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
# 存一个简单的key1,值为123456
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
set key1 0 0 6
123456
STORED #存储成功
quit
Connection closed by foreign host.
[root@localhost ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
# 去获取这个key1的值
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
get key1
VALUE key1 0 6
123456 #获取成功
END
5,memcache的使用
有些是转载的,原文地址: http://blog.csdn.net/heiyeshuwu
6,memcache性能监控
6.1,安装python插件下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/wufongming/1159646
tar -xvf python-memcached-latest.tar.gz
cd python-memcached-1.43
python setup.py install
运行上面的命令的时候出现如下错误
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "setup.py", line 3, in ?
from setuptools import setup
ImportError: No module named setuptools
解决办法:yum -y install python-setuptools
安装成功后再次 python setup.py install 安装就可以成功了。
[root@squid-2 soft]# wget http://s1.dlnws.com/dealnews/developers/cacti-memcached-1.0.tar.gz
解压缩:
[root@squid-2 soft]# tar -xvf cacti-memcached-1.0.tar.gz
cacti-memcached-1.0/
cacti-memcached-1.0/cacti_memcached_host_template.xml
cacti-memcached-1.0/INSTALL
cacti-memcached-1.0/memcached.py
cacti-memcached-1.0/README
[root@squid-2 soft]#
将监控文件memcached.py复制到cacti的scripts文件目录下
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# pwd
/root/soft/cacti-memcached-1.0
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# cp memcached.py /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]#
赋予执行用户权限
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# chown -R apache.apache /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/memcached.py
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]#
6.3,在cacti界面导入memcache模板文件
将解压缩的cacti_memcached_host_template.xml文件copy到本地E:\u\memcache,然后进入“console”,再进入“Import Templates”,再进入“选择文件”,选择E:\u\memcache下的cacti_memcached_host_template.xml文件,然后点击右下角的“Import”按钮。导入完后,会在Graph Templates看到memcache的6项监控服务,如下图所示:
进入“Devices”,点击右上角的“Add”按钮, 填写主机名称和主机ip地址,在“Host Template”下拉框里面选择“Memcached Server”选项,点击右下角的“Save”按钮创建memcache服务主机,如下图所示。
选择“Devices”,点击主机名称连接“xx.xx_memcache”,在新的界面中,点击右上角的“Create Graphs for this Host”,然后在新的页面中选择6个Memcache监控选项,点击右下角的“Create”按钮,就创建好了memcache监控图,如下图所示:
选择“monitor”,再选择右边的“Tree View”,再选择左边的memcache主机名称,就会在右边出现6个监控图,如下所示:
(1) Memcached - Bytes Used
(2)Memcached - Cache Hits and Misses
(3)Memcached - Current Connections
(4)Memcached - Items Cached
(5)Memcached - Network Traffic (bits/sec)
(6)Memcached - Requests/sec (get/set)
以上设置只是针对默认端口11211,但是当你的端口不是11211,而是其他的端口,比如我的是12000,这样的话你就要对你的cacti的data source做下小更改了,操作如下:
Console---Data Input Methods--Memcached – Statistics
找到Input String的值python /scripts/memcached.py
更改成:python /scripts/memcached.py –p 12000
如果你是其他端口的,只要将端口号更改成其他的值就可以了!
6.7,遇到的问题总结
(1)有图出不来数据,显示为nan值,问题出在,没有安装 python-memcached-latest.tar.gz插件导致。安装完插件后,重启cacti服务,图上的数据显示出来了。
(2)网卡监控流量选项选择不了,报错: This data query returned 0 rows, perhaps there was a problem executing this data query. You can run this data query in debug mode to get more information.
解决方案如下:
a,第一种
打开默认的/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf文件,更改如下配置:
1、查找以下字段:
sec.name source community
com2sec notConfigUser default public
将"comunity"字段改为你要设置的密码.比如"public".
2、查找以下字段:
# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.
# group context sec.model sec.level prefix read write notif
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
将"systemview"字段改为all.
3、查找以下字段:
# incl/excl subtree mask
#view all included .1 80
将该行前面的"#"去掉.
然后重启snmpd服务,就OK了。
b,另外还有一种办法如下:
如下:
编辑linux主机下的/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf文件
找到62行:
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none
修改成:(如果有#号,把#号去掉)
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact mib2 none none
找到89行,把改行的#去掉:
#view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
修改成:
view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
重起snmpd服务,service snmpd restart
参考文章地址:
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20639775-id-154601.html
https://code.google.com/p/memcached/wiki/NewStart
简介
Memcache 是 danga.com 的一个项目,最早是为 LiveJournal 服务的,目前全世界不少人使用这个缓存项目来构建自己大负载的网站,来分担数据库的压力。 Memcache 官方网站: http://memcached.org/
1 ,安装
下载地址: http://www.memcached.org/downloads,我们线上使用的比较稳定的版本是1.4.15,如果官网找不到以前的版本了,可以去我的csdn资源里面下载此版本,下载地址:
memcache1.4.15 : http://download.csdn.net/detail/mchdba/7562193
libevent2: http://download.csdn.net/detail/mchdba/7562201
或者去官网下载最新的:
wget http://memcached.org/latest
[root@localhost ~]#tar -xvf memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd memcached-1.4.15
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# ./configure && make && make test && sudo make install
……
checking for library containing clock_gettime... -lrt
checking for library containing socket... none required
checking for library containing gethostbyname... none required
checking for libevent directory... configure: error: libevent is required. You can get it from http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/
If it's already installed, specify its path using --with-libevent=/dir/
看到提示,需要先安装libevent包,lebevent主要用于socket的处理,
wget https://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz
tar -xvf libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz
cd libevent-2.0.21-stable
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make
make install
#删除原来的目录,重新解压缩进行编译安装
[root@localhost ~]#rm -rf /root/memcached-1.4.15/
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xvf memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/memcached-1.4.15/
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# ./configure --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent --prefix=/usr/local/memcache
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make test
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make install
2,如何运行memcache
/usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 10 -u root -l 10.xx.xx.xx -p 12000 -c 1024 –P /tmp/memcached.pid
## 相关选项说明
-d 表示启动一个守护进程
-m 是分配给memcached使用的内存
-u 运行memcached的用户
-l 是memcached监听的ip
-p 是memcached监听的端口
-c memcache运行的最大并发连接数
-P 是设置memcache的pid文件
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/memcache/bin/memcached -d -u nobody -m 1024 -t 64 -c 2048 -k -I 1M -L -l 127.0.0.1 -p11211 -P /var/memcached/memcached_11211.pid
Cannot enable large pages on this system
(There is no Linux support as of this version)
[root@localhost ~]#
Cannot enable large pages,启动命令不合适,换成如下
/usr/local/memcache/bin/memcached -d -m 1024 -u root -l 10.xx.xx.xx -p 11211 -c 2048 -P /var/memcached/memcached.pid
3,实现service启动停止以及查看状态
然后执行如下,加载到启动项:
chkconfig --add memcache #注册服务
chmod 700 memcache
chkconfig --level 345 memcache on #指定服务在3、4、5级别运行
4,简单测试
[root@localhost ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
# 存一个简单的key1,值为123456
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
set key1 0 0 6
123456
STORED #存储成功
quit
Connection closed by foreign host.
[root@localhost ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
# 去获取这个key1的值
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
get key1
VALUE key1 0 6
123456 #获取成功
END
5,memcache的使用
有些是转载的,原文地址: http://blog.csdn.net/heiyeshuwu
6,memcache性能监控
6.1,安装python插件下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/wufongming/1159646
tar -xvf python-memcached-latest.tar.gz
cd python-memcached-1.43
python setup.py install
运行上面的命令的时候出现如下错误
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "setup.py", line 3, in ?
from setuptools import setup
ImportError: No module named setuptools
解决办法:yum -y install python-setuptools
安装成功后再次 python setup.py install 安装就可以成功了。
6.2,下载安装插件[root@squid-2 soft]# wget http://s1.dlnws.com/dealnews/developers/cacti-memcached-1.0.tar.gz
解压缩:
[root@squid-2 soft]# tar -xvf cacti-memcached-1.0.tar.gz
cacti-memcached-1.0/
cacti-memcached-1.0/cacti_memcached_host_template.xml
cacti-memcached-1.0/INSTALL
cacti-memcached-1.0/memcached.py
cacti-memcached-1.0/README
[root@squid-2 soft]#
将监控文件memcached.py复制到cacti的scripts文件目录下
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# pwd
/root/soft/cacti-memcached-1.0
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# cp memcached.py /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]#
赋予执行用户权限
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# chown -R apache.apache /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/memcached.py
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]#
6.3,在cacti界面导入memcache模板文件
将解压缩的cacti_memcached_host_template.xml文件copy到本地E:\u\memcache,然后进入“console”,再进入“Import Templates”,再进入“选择文件”,选择E:\u\memcache下的cacti_memcached_host_template.xml文件,然后点击右下角的“Import”按钮。导入完后,会在Graph Templates看到memcache的6项监控服务,如下图所示:
进入“Devices”,点击右上角的“Add”按钮, 填写主机名称和主机ip地址,在“Host Template”下拉框里面选择“Memcached Server”选项,点击右下角的“Save”按钮创建memcache服务主机,如下图所示。
6.5,给memcache主机添加监控图
选择“Devices”,点击主机名称连接“xx.xx_memcache”,在新的界面中,点击右上角的“Create Graphs for this Host”,然后在新的页面中选择6个Memcache监控选项,点击右下角的“Create”按钮,就创建好了memcache监控图,如下图所示:
6.6,查看memcache监控图
选择“ monitor ”,再选择右边的“ Tree View ”,再选择左边的 memcache 主机名称,就会在右边出现 6 个监控图,如下所示:
(1) Memcached - Bytes Used
(2)Memcached - Cache Hits and Misses
(3)Memcached - Current Connections
(4)Memcached - Items Cached
(5)Memcached - Network Traffic (bits/sec)
(6)Memcached - Requests/sec (get/set)
以上设置只是针对默认端口11211,但是当你的端口不是11211,而是其他的端口,比如我的是12000,这样的话你就要对你的cacti的data source做下小更改了,操作如下:
Console---Data Input Methods--Memcached – Statistics
找到Input String的值python /scripts/memcached.py
更改成:python /scripts/memcached.py –p 12000
如果你是其他端口的,只要将端口号更改成其他的值就可以了!
6.7,遇到的问题总结
(1)有图出不来数据,显示为nan值,问题出在,没有安装 python-memcached-latest.tar.gz插件导致。安装完插件后,重启cacti服务,图上的数据显示出来了。
(2)网卡监控流量选项选择不了,报错: This data query returned 0 rows, perhaps there was a problem executing this data query. You can run this data query in debug mode to get more information.
解决方案如下:
a,第一种
打开默认的/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf文件,更改如下配置:
1、查找以下字段:
sec.name source community
com2sec notConfigUser default public
将"comunity"字段改为你要设置的密码.比如"public".
2、查找以下字段:
# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.
# group context sec.model sec.level prefix read write notif
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
将"systemview"字段改为all.
3、查找以下字段:
# incl/excl subtree mask
#view all included .1 80
将该行前面的"#"去掉.
然后重启snmpd服务,就OK了。
b,另外还有一种办法如下:
如下:
编辑linux主机下的/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf文件
找到62行:
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none
修改成:(如果有#号,把#号去掉)
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact mib2 none none
找到89行,把改行的#去掉:
#view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
修改成:
view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
重起snmpd服务,service snmpd restart
参考文章地址: