OkHttp,一次无奈的使用
一次使用OKHTTP的心痛历程
最近由于一些不得已的原因,接触到了OKHttp,说起来也挺Dan疼的,之前同事将生产附件上传地址配置成了测试地址,还好数量不多,没有造成太大的影响,况且的是这位同事又离职了,当时只能在心中 默默的问候了他N遍,当然问候完了之后,也不得不继续数据同步的工作。
OKHTTP官方地址: okHttp
本文源地址: 一次使用OKHTTP的心痛历程
介绍
由于OkHttp官网的介绍十分详细,这里只能贴上一段翻译过后的introduce:
HTTP是现代应用网络的一种方式。这就是我们交换数据和媒体的方式。高效地使用HTTP可以让你的东西更快地加载并节省带宽。
OkHttp是一个高效的Http客户端,在默认的情况下:
- HTTP / 2支持允许对同一主机的所有请求共享一个套接字。
- 连接池可减少请求延迟(如果HTTP / 2不可用)。
- 透明的GZIP缩小了下载大小。
- 响应缓存可以完全避免网络重复请求。
不过在我使用下来,OkHttp比 apache-http
好用太多,层次结构较直观。
使用场景
本次场景是将上传到测试环境的文件信息,下载到本地,然后再上传到生产环境。
解决过程如下:
-
将错误数据从数据库表中粘贴到本地新建的一个Excel文件中。(毕竟直接连接数据库风险更大)
-
读取Excel内的信息,获取文件地址。
-
请求文件地址,获取到流文件信息。
-
拿到流文件信息,拼接上传数据,上传到新的生产环境中。
-
上传完成后,获取到生产环境文件地址。
-
获取到生产文件地址的同时,生成更新的SQL语句。
-
到数据库中执行SQL语句。
使用过程
本次使用没有搭建新的工程,直接再 src/test/java
目录下新建一个Java类。
引入OKHttp的依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3groupId>
<artifactId>okhttpartifactId>
<version>3.3.1version>
dependency>
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在引入了 okhttp
的jar包后,基本上就可以开始随心所欲的进行自己任意丧心病狂的Http请求了。
比如,它直接同步和异步的请求:
同步GET
private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
public void run() throws Exception {
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("https://publicobject.com/helloworld.txt")
.build();
try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
Headers responseHeaders = response.headers();
for (int i = 0; i < responseHeaders.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(responseHeaders.name(i) + ": " + responseHeaders.value(i));
}
System.out.println(response.body().string());
}
}
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异步GET
private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
public void run() throws Exception {
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("http://publicobject.com/helloworld.txt")
.build();
client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
@Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
try (ResponseBody responseBody = response.body()) {
if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
Headers responseHeaders = response.headers();
for (int i = 0, size = responseHeaders.size(); i < size; i++) {
System.out.println(responseHeaders.name(i) + ": " + responseHeaders.value(i));
}
System.out.println(responseBody.string());
}
}
});
}
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Header信息
private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
public void run() throws Exception {
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("https://api.github.com/repos/square/okhttp/issues")
.header("User-Agent", "OkHttp Headers.java")
.addHeader("Accept", "application/json; q=0.5")
.addHeader("Accept", "application/vnd.github.v3+json")
.build();
try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
System.out.println("Server: " + response.header("Server"));
System.out.println("Date: " + response.header("Date"));
System.out.println("Vary: " + response.headers("Vary"));
}
}
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POST请求流信息
public static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN
= MediaType.parse("text/x-markdown; charset=utf-8");
private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
public void run() throws Exception {
RequestBody requestBody = new RequestBody() {
@Override public MediaType contentType() {
return MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN;
}
@Override public void writeTo(BufferedSink sink) throws IOException {
sink.writeUtf8("Numbers\n");
sink.writeUtf8("-------\n");
for (int i = 2; i <= 997; i++) {
sink.writeUtf8(String.format(" * %s = %s\n", i, factor(i)));
}
}
private String factor(int n) {
for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {
int x = n / i;
if (x * i == n) return factor(x) + " × " + i;
}
return Integer.toString(n);
}
};
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("https://api.github.com/markdown/raw")
.post(requestBody)
.build();
try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
System.out.println(response.body().string());
}
}
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POST请求File信息
public static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN
= MediaType.parse("text/x-markdown; charset=utf-8");
private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
public void run() throws Exception {
File file = new File("README.md");
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("https://api.github.com/markdown/raw")
.post(RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN, file))
.build();
try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
System.out.println(response.body().string());
}
}
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Post表单提交
private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
public void run() throws Exception {
RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
.add("search", "Jurassic Park")
.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php")
.post(formBody)
.build();
try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
System.out.println(response.body().string());
}
}
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POST多个Body请求
/**
* The imgur client ID for OkHttp recipes. If you're using imgur for anything other than running
* these examples, please request your own client ID! https://api.imgur.com/oauth2
*/
private static final String IMGUR_CLIENT_ID = "...";
private static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_PNG = MediaType.parse("image/png");
private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
public void run() throws Exception {
// Use the imgur image upload API as documented at https://api.imgur.com/endpoints/image
RequestBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder()
.setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
.addFormDataPart("title", "Square Logo")
.addFormDataPart("image", "logo-square.png",
RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_PNG, new File("website/static/logo-square.png")))
.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.header("Authorization", "Client-ID " + IMGUR_CLIENT_ID)
.url("https://api.imgur.com/3/image")
.post(requestBody)
.build();
try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) {
if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);
System.out.println(response.body().string());
}
}
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因为使用过程中大多数都是按照官网的例子来进行,所以这次使用的代码是类似于官方提供的例子,当然也是不太好意思贴出来,哈哈。
总结
OkHttp算得上是相见恨晚,之前一遍一遍写 apache-http
的时候就觉得 apche
有点冗余,就是想有一个轻量级的,比较好上手,容易懂的http-client,不过现在接触到了 okhttp,还是得感谢那位配错地址的兄弟。
以上更多请求例子可以访问: OKhttp-Request-example
参考资料: