Apache负载均衡实战

              含Session共享

一准备工作

下载Apache、tomcat

    2个或者多个tomcat

F:\JavaProgram\apache-tomcat-7.0.64-8088

F:\JavaProgram\apache-tomcat-7.0.64-8080

1个apache

F:\Apache24\bin

 

下载mod_jk.so

将此文件添加到目录F:\Apache24\modules

二配置文件

1 修改Apache conf目录下的httpd.conf

 在最后一行添加

include "F:\Apache24\conf\mod_jk.conf"

 

2 新建mod_jk.conf文件

在目录F:\Apache24\conf下添加文件，内容如下：

LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so

 

JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties

 

#指定那些请求交给tomcat处理,"controller"为在workers.propertise里指定的负载分配控制器名

JkMount /* controller

 

3 tomcat配置

在Server.xml文件中添加两端配置：

 

<Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina" jvmRoute="tomcat2">

 

集群配置：

<Cluster className= "org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"

                 channelSendOptions= "6">

          <Manager className= "org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager"

                   expireSessionsOnShutdown= "false"

                   notifyListenersOnReplication= "true"

                   mapSendOptions= "6"/>

 

          <Channel className= "org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">

            <Membership className= "org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"

                        address= "228.0.0.4"

                        port= "45564"

                        frequency= "500"

                        dropTime= "3000"/>

            <Receiver className= "org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"

                      address= "auto"

                      port= "5000"

                      selectorTimeout= "100"

                      maxThreads= "6"/>

 

            <Sender className= "org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">

              <Transport className= "org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>

            </Sender>

            <Interceptor className= "org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>

            <Interceptor className= "org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>

            <Interceptor className= "org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>

          </Channel>

 

          <Valve className= "org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"

                 filter= ".*\.gif;.*\.js;.*\.jpg;.*\.png;.*\.htm;.*\.html;.*\.css;.*\.txt;"/>

 

          <Deployer className= "org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"

                    tempDir= "/tmp/war-temp/"

                    deployDir= "/tmp/war-deploy/"

                    watchDir= "/tmp/war-listen/"

                    watchEnabled= "false"/>

 

          <ClusterListener className= "org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>

        </Cluster>

 

4 应用配置

需要在应用的web.xml文件中添加如下配置，表示该应用将在分布式容器中部署：

  <distributable/>

 

5 新建workers.properties文件

在目录F:\Apache24\conf下添加文件，内容如下

#server

worker.list = controller

#========tomcat1========

worker.tomcat1.port=8009

worker.tomcat1.host=127.0.0.1

worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13

worker.tomcat1.lbfactor = 1

 

#========tomcat2========

worker.tomcat2.port=8019

worker.tomcat2.host=127.0.0.1

worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13

worker.tomcat2.lbfactor = 1

 

#========controller,负载均衡控制器========

worker.controller.type=lb

worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2

worker.controller.sticky_session=false

worker.controller.sticky_session_force=1

#worker.controller.sticky_session=1

 

 

附一 Apache基本的操作方法：

本文假设你的apahce安装目录为/usr/local/apache2，这些方法适合任何情况

apahce启动命令：

推荐/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start apache启动

apache停止命令

/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop   停止

apache重新启动命令：

/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart重启

要在重启 Apache 服务器时不中断当前的连接，则应运行：

/usr/local/sbin/apachectl graceful

 

附二引申以及需要注意的问题：

1、 session 复制的方式：BackupManager与DeltaManager

2、 Java 应用session的value需要序列化，否则无法实现session共享